Marleys partner was Scrooge Essay Example

Marleys partner was Scrooge Essay Example Marleys partner was Scrooge Paper Marleys partner was Scrooge Paper A Christmas Carol is a straightforward allegory. An allegory is a type of narrative story in which events or characters represent a certain idea or theme, which relies heavily on symbolism. Dickenss story is about a greedy, selfless man called Scrooge who is the opposite of what Christmas means. The first line of the novel Marley was dead, Marley we learn was once Scrooges partner and who comes back as a phantom to warm Scrooge to change his ways otherwise he will become a wondering phantom like Marley once dead. Dickens uses symbolism before the book is even open. The title A Christmas Carol. The novel isnt about a carol but carols show joy, happiness and a time for everyone to come together. The main character Scrooge shows the opposite to the title as he was a greedy, cold man, No warmth could warm, nor wintry weather chill the heaviest rain, snow, hail and sleet could boast of the advantages over him in only one respect. The way Scrooge is described in the novel, is as the weather, as the fog in the courtyard thickens as he leaves work, as if the fog were Scrooge. Musical imagery is used, like the title, as staves and used not chapters, which shows that the theme of the carol is brought through the whole novel. This creates a mood of happiness and song. Scrooge is introduced in the first staves as the greed in humanity. Marley is also introduced in the fist stave but only as a phantom. Marley was dead. The first line shows that the living dead could come into the novel. Marley being Scrooges partner is exactly like Scrooge, a mirror image. Scrooge and Marley sounds like brothers, or very close friends. Marley returning one night, Christmas Eve to warm Scrooge how he should change his ways before he ends up like Marley, a wondering, free phantom all chained up with his own greed. Scrooge representing the greed of humanity in the novel and Marley being the conscience of mankind. When the two gentlemen visited the counting house to collect for charity and food for the homeless, Scrooge managed to turn this charitable gesture into a something cold. Scrooge begins to talk about places for the homeless to go, but not foster homes or an orphanage Scrooge says are there no prisons, union workhouses and treadmills which they can go to. These words show that Scrooge only cares for one person, himself and finishes with its not my business good afternoon gentlemen forcing the men out with out giving any contribution. Fred is the exact opposite of his uncle Scrooge. Fred symbolises the joy and happiness of Christmas. Fred is undaunted by Scrooges refusal to dine with him on Christmas. Fred says that Christmas is the only time I know when men and women seen by one consent to open their shut up hearts freely, Fred shows the true joy of Christmas. Bob Crachet is a worker for Scrooge and is dependant on him, even though Scrooge doesnt really care for him in the slightest. Scrooge had a very small fire, but the clerks (Bob) fire was so very much smaller that it looked like one coal this proves that Scrooge never cared for anyone not even his own employees. The counting house along with Scrooges cold, bitter greed strengthens Scrooges appearance as a hollow man even though not much is said about his work place Counting brings money into sight which is the only thing Scrooge really cares for. When Marleys ghost appears and talks to Scrooge, he sees the large chain around his body. Scrooge notices that it is made out of catch boxes, keys, padlocks, ledges, deeds and heavy purses wrought in steel. This is to symbolise everything that Marley forgot in life. He made it link by link and yard by yard and of my own free will I wore it. Marley goes on to say how Scrooge also beers a large heavy chain himself but really it symbolises his conscience as that is what Marley is the conscience of mankind. When Marley leaves, Scrooge goes to the window only to see the sky full of phantoms like Marley all wearing chains similar to his and all had a partner. Marleys partner was Scrooge but he was still alive so Marley was alone for now as if Scrooge didnt change his ways then he would be joining Marley and the other phantoms, as they all symbolise what would happen to man if they carry on there bad ways. The partners were all linked together. Scrooge knew most of them from their lives, as they must have been in the same trade as Scrooge. Stave two doesnt introduce many more characters. The first ghost that Marley warned him of came at one oclock at night, the Ghost of Christmas Past.

The Importance Of Lincolns Cooper Union Address

The Importance Of Lincoln's Cooper Union Address In late February 1860, in the midst of a cold and snowy winter, New York City received a visitor from Illinois who had, some thought, a remote chance of running for president on the ticket of the young Republican Party. By the time Abraham Lincoln left the city a few days later, he was well on his way to the White House. One speech given to a crowd of 1,500 politically astute New Yorkers had changed everything and had positioned Lincoln to be a candidate in the election of 1860. Lincoln, while not famous in New York, was not entirely unknown in the political realm. Less than two years before, he had challenged Stephen Douglas for the seat in the U.S. Senate Douglas had held for two terms. The two men faced each other in a series of seven debates across Illinois in 1858, and the well-publicized encounters established Lincoln as a political force in his home state. Lincoln carried the popular vote in that Senate election, but at that time Senators were selected by state legislators. And Lincoln ultimately lost the Senate seat thanks to backroom political maneuvers. Lincoln Recovered From 1858 Loss Lincoln spent 1859 reassessing his political future. And he obviously decided to keep his options open. He made an effort to take time off from his busy law practice to give speeches outside of Illinois, traveling to Wisconsin, Indiana, Ohio, and Iowa. And he also spoke in Kansas, which had become known as Bleeding Kansas thanks to the bitter violence between pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces in the 1850s. The speeches Lincoln gave throughout 1859 focused on the issue of slavery. He denounced it as an evil institution and spoke out forcefully against it spreading into any new U.S. territories. And he also criticized his perennial foe Stephen Douglas, who had been promoting the concept of â€Å"popular sovereignty,† in which citizens of new states could vote on whether or not to accept slavery. Lincoln denounced popular sovereignty as a â€Å"stupendous humbug.† Lincoln Received an Invitation to Speak in New York City In October 1859, Lincoln was at home in Springfield, Illinois when he received, by telegram, another invitation to speak. It was from a Republican Party group in New York City. Sensing a great opportunity, Lincoln accepted the invitation. After several exchanges of letters, it was decided that his address in New York would be on the evening of February 27, 1860. The location was to be Plymouth Church, the Brooklyn church of the famed minister Henry Ward Beecher, who was aligned with the Republican Party. Lincoln Did Considerable Research for His Cooper Union Address Lincoln put considerable time and effort into crafting the address he would deliver in New York. An idea advanced by pro-slavery advocates at the time was that Congress had no right to regulate slavery in new territories. Chief Justice Roger B. Taney of the U.S. Supreme Court had actually advanced that idea in his notorious 1857 decision in the Dred Scott case, contending that the framers of the Constitution did not see such a role for Congress. Lincoln believed Taney’s decision was flawed. And to prove it, he set about conducting research into how the framers of the Constitution who later served in Congress voted in such matters. He spent time poring over historical documents, often visiting the law library in the Illinois state house. Lincoln was writing during tumultuous times. During the months he was researching and writing in Illinois, the abolitionist John Brown led his infamous raid on the US armory at Harpers Ferry, and was captured, tried, and hanged. Brady Took Lincoln's Portrait in New York In February, Lincoln had to take five separate trains over the course of three days to reach New York City. When he arrived, he checked into the Astor House hotel on Broadway. After he arrived in New York Lincoln learned the venue of his speech had changed, from Beecher’s church in Brooklyn to the Cooper Union (then called Cooper Institute), in Manhattan. On the day of the speech, February 27, 1860, Lincoln took a stroll on Broadway with some men from the Republican group hosting his speech. At the corner of Bleecker Street Lincoln visited the studio of the famed photographer Mathew Brady, and had his portrait taken. In the full-length photograph, Lincoln, who was not yet wearing his beard, is standing next to a table, resting his hand on some books. The Brady photograph became iconic as it was the model for engravings which were widely distributed, and the image would be the basis for campaign posters in the 1860 election. The Brady photograph has become known as the â€Å"Cooper Union Portrait. The Cooper Union Address Propelled Lincoln to the Presidency As Lincoln took the stage that evening at Cooper Union, he faced an audience of 1,500. Most of those attending were active in the Republican Party. Among Lincolns listeners: the influential editor of the New York Tribune, Horace Greeley, New York Times editor Henry J. Raymond, and New York Post editor William Cullen Bryant. The audience was eager to listen to the man from Illinois. And Lincoln’s address surpassed all expectations. Lincoln’s Cooper Union speech was one of his longest, at more than 7,000 words. And it is not one of his speeches with passages that are often quoted. Yet, due to the careful research and Lincolns forceful argument, it was stunningly effective. Lincoln was able to show that the founding fathers had intended Congress to regulate slavery. He named the men who had signed the Constitution and who had later voted, while in Congress, to regulate slavery. He also demonstrated that George Washington himself, as President, had signed a bill into law that regulated slavery. Lincoln spoke for more than an hour. He was interrupted often by enthusiastic cheering. The New York City newspapers carried the text of his speech the next day, with the New York Times running the speech across most of the front page. The favorable publicity was astounding, and Lincoln went on to speak in several other cities in the East before returning to Illinois. That summer the Republican Party held its nominating convention in Chicago. Abraham Lincoln, beating out better-known candidates, received his partys nomination. And historians tend to agree that it would never have happened if not for the address delivered months earlier on a cold winter night in New York City.

Indigenous Identity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Indigenous Identity - Essay Example Religion offers guidance in every matter. People choose to do whatever they like, but refer to religion when they have to assess the legitimacy of their acts. The African American community believes in the power of religion. Although different African Americans have embraced different religions, with the majority of them being Christians or Muslims, yet their underlying belief in religion as the source of guidance is evident from them being the followers of one religion or another rather than being atheists. A vast majority of African Americans are democratic. Issues that are important to them today include but are not limited to racial profiling, poverty, racial disparity, lesser opportunities of health care, and institutional racism. Irrespective of all these socio-economic and political issues, African Americans are just as concerned for the prosperity and well-being of the USA as the White Americans are. African Americans derive their social and cultural values from the religion, and with the majority of them being the followers of Abrahamic religions, African American communities are generally more conservative in their stance on homosexuality and thus condemn gay marriages. According to Jones, the most significant changes in the traditional indigenous identity of the African Americans include gender roles in families, and oppression to racial segregation in the society. African American families have suffered from the torture of slavery resulting into a broken family system for a long time in history. With the end of slavery, men started dominating the women in the African families. But things started to change after the second half of the 20th century. Particularly, near the last three decades, more and more African American women have gained higher education and are contributing to their families financially. This has not only helped alleviate poverty, but has also

Entrepreneurship College Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Entrepreneurship College - Case Study Example Here, it is the ability to recognize which bit of information/ event/ transaction, though on the face of it appearing routine, is significant for developing leads to produce a fresh product. The research process here is not about collecting data through lengthy or formalized processes, but more about using the data creatively-to predict; and to be able to see what the customer will need, before the customer knows it himself. (p4) The techniques have therefore to be flexible, going hand in hand with the actual production process, enabling the company to add pictures, or junk obsolete product, quickly. The company's research techniques are inherent in their lean structure (forty employees, headed by Jerry and his wife), and Jerry's creative, hands-on approach. (p3) Therefore, research here is not necessarily separate from production. The ability of production personnel to envision what kind of pictures is needed, in future, is an inherent part of the research of such a company. It is likely that there may not be much formal demarcation between research and production, which is evident from the fact that Jerry himself participates in the process of conducting photo shoots. Being the first to do it, has always been an essential part of Jerry's, and therefore, Stockbyte's, entrepreneurial philosophy. For instance, they were the first to seek venture capital assistance in Ireland, the first "significant European publisher" of royalty free stock photography, as well as the first in Ireland to offer downloadable e-commerce by way of virtual CD's (p6) Relying on his gut feeling, and striding boldly into a new venture, backed by his own past background of working in his family's photography unit had helped Jerry to move forward successfully. Apart from this, the company's explicitly stated entrepreneurial objectives, which include the whole organization in its sweep, sets down commendable objectives like exceeding expectations, being "passionately creative" crafting "relevant images", "leveraging the best technologies", and even one enjoining one to "enjoy the ride"(p7) clearly are motivating and entrepreneurial strategies, needed to keep ahead in a competit ive industry. The company has always enjoyed the benefits of the first comer, avoiding the rush, and therefore being able to build up clientele, before the field became crowded. And, being flexible, adaptable, and quick to notice new opportunities, they have succeeded by being equally quick in dumping ideas that no longer worked. Jerry's ability to work with a relatively small team has ensured that they responded quickly to the demands of a market. It is not clear, however, whether Jerry has grown an effective second line of management-most likely not-to handle any contingency that could affect his personal functioning: bad health, for instance. The question is how long can a company, which is driven by a single person, withstand competition from giants, and continue to resist a sell-out How long would it be possible for Jerry to be personally there to deal with crises-it could be a mudslide in Asia today, something else

Social Work Essay Example for Free

Social Work Essay A career in social work gets people involved the community and the world. Social work is a profession that helps to improve problems faced in society in order to make it better and more civilized. Going into this project I knew all of the common and most basic information about social work. But, as I began to research more on the profession if social work, I learned more than I actually thought I knew. Social work is a great profession that involves people helping people and improving the lives of people all over the world. Making a difference in another person’s life was a huge attraction from social work to me. I have always been the type of person who has a genuine love for helping others. I get great joy out of it and it makes me feel rewarding. I truly believed that my love for helping others was my life’s purpose. The only difficulty I had was figuring out the right career that would allow me to fulfill my purpose. As freshman in high school is where I began my search for the perfect career. I took the time out for two summer’s straight and attended something similar to job shadowing with family members who currently held profession that involved helping people. This is when I was introduced to the field of social work. Even though there were other career fields that would fit my purpose, social work was the only career I felt was just right for me. I felt that social work was the right field for because it fitted my personality perfectly and not only did I want to help people hands on, I also wanted to be able to go outside of my office and help as well. Social work was the field that would allow me to do so. The profession itself is not as stressful compared to the medical professions. Social work professions involve face-to-face communication that is not as intense as other face-to-face conditions. While looking further in to the career that am attempting to pursue, I have gained a lot of knowledge from research and interviews which have inspired me even more to continue to strive for a career in the field of social work. Through my research I found many things from scholarly journals that interest me. I earned from the â€Å"Reevaluation of social work student’s career† study, conducted by researchers Rubin and Johnson, that most students are committed and devoted to the basics in a career of social work. Most of them also plan to open up their own private practice 5 years after graduation (Butler 45). The purpose of the study was to find out how committed master degree students were to a career in social work (Butler 45). Majority of the students wanted to hold positions in social work that did not involve having clients who were disabled in anyway. Students within a few years after graduation planned to go into private practice with social work (Butler 47). I also discovered from the social work of education journal that the instruction of multicultural content in social work classes causes a discomfort amongst professors, other faculty and students (Social work education 251-253). It is a discomfort especially for minority students that are attending schools of social work (Social work education 254-256). Most try to avoid the multiculturalism content when educating or being educated with the study of social work because most fear that the discussion on that particular topic will be blown out of proportion and will cause a huge disagreement (Social work education 254-256). I learned through interviews with social workers, Mr. Charles Blakely and Reava Lipson that the pay that comes with social workers may not be what I want in salary but it is worth it because it reminds me that I make a difference I other people lives so that they may be as successful as me. Overall I have learned from this entire project that you have to first be passionate about the career you plan to take on and secondly stay focused and devoted. Social work is not just a profession that helps other but it I also a profession that gives social workers the opportunity to help themselves through someone else’s problem. Social work is something like a projector that reveals what really goes on in societies all over the world. Social work is a career that many have chosen and are still choosing. Social work deals the change of individuals and the changes in society. I am determined to make a difference in someone else’s life in the field of social work.

EMail Privacy Rights In Business Essay -- BTEC Business Marketing GCSE

E-mail Privacy Rights In Business I. Abstract How far we have come in such a small time. When you think that the personal computer was invented in the early 1980's and by the end of the millennium, several households have two PC's, it is an astonishing growth rate. And, when you consider business, I can look around the office and see that a lot of the cubicles contain more than one PC. It is astonishing to me that such an item has taken control over the information technology arena like personal computers. Consider, however, the items that go along with personal computers: printers; modems; telephone lines for your modem; scanners; the software; online access; and lets not forget, e-mail addresses. E-mail, or electronic messaging, has taken over the communications world as the preferred method of exchanging information. From the simple, "let's do lunch" messages, to the ability to send a business associate anywhere in the world an e-mail with an attached document that contains 150 megabytes of information, e-mail is quickly replacing the telephone, the U.S. post-office, and even overnight delivery services as primary method of exchanging important data. With the ability to create and send this instant information, the technology has far outpaced the education of how to use this phenomena, the affects of this technology on society, and how to prevent this method of communication from growing itself out of existence. Consider the following numbers:  · There were about 23 million e-mail users in 1994  · There will be approximately 74 millions e-mail users in the year 2000  · Employees sent approximately 263 billion e-mail messages in 1994  · Employees will send approximately 4 trillion e-mail message in the year 2000  · A 1993 study by MacWorld magazine found that 22% of employers have engaged in searches of employer computer files, voice mail, electronic mail, or other network communications  · The number of people subject to electronic surveillance at work has increased from approximately 8 million in 1990 to more than 20 million in 1996.  · Nearly 60% of companies that monitor e-mail or other employee communications conceal doing so.  · Less than 20% of companies have a written policy on electronic monitoring. One of the major areas affected by this new technology is corporate America. Not onl... ...esley, Reading , MA. Bacard, A. E-Mail Privacy FAQ. [On-Line]. Available: http://www.andrebacard.com/ema Casser, K. (1996). Employers, Employees, E-mail and The Internet. [On-Line]. Available: http://cla.org/RuhBook/chp6.htm Cavanaugh, M. Workplace Privacy in an Era of New Technologies. [On-Line]. Available: http://www.ema.org/html/pubs/mmv2n3/workpriv.htm Electronic Communications Privacy Act (1986). [On-Line]. Available: http://www.tscm.com/ecpa.htm#s2511 Entwisle, S.M. E-mail and Privacy in the Workplace. [On-Line] Available: http://www.acs.ucalgary.ca/~smenwis/privacy.html Freibrun, E. (1994). E-mail Privacy in the Workplace - To What Extent?. [On-Line]. Available: http://www.cl.ais.net/lawmsf/articl9.htm Gan, M. (1996). Employee Rights & Email. [On-Line]. Available: http://www.newsguild.org/d6t.htm Lee, L. Watch Your E-Mail! Employee E-Mail Monitoring and Privacy Law in the Age of the "Electronic Sweatshop. Morris, F. E-Mail Communications: The Next Employment Law Nightmare. HR Advisor (July-August 1995). Oppedahl, C. (July 3, 1995). Security, Privacy, Discovery Issues Stem From E-Mail Communications. [On-Line].

Indias Space Programme Essay

The country is now capable of launching its own spacecraft. In fact, it offers this service to many other countries. Now India has made landmark progress with the launch of Chandrayan for its moon mission. India started its space programme with the launch of first space satellite ‘Aryabhatta’ on April 19, 1975. This space satellite was named after the great Indian astronomer and mathematician of the 5th century, Aryabhatta. It was launched from a soviet cosmodrome with the help of a Soviet rocket. It marked India’s giant leap and made her the eleventh country to join the space club. The second satellite ‘Bhaskara’ was launched on June 7, 1979. It was also launched from a Soviet cosmodrome. It was named after two eminent personalities—Bhaskara I and Bhaskara II. It was followed by ‘Rohini’. It was the first Indian satellite put into the space by SLV-III, an Indian rocket. It was launched from Sriharikota in Andhra Pradesh on July 9, 1980. It was developed by the scientists of ISRO. It was the success of the mission of SLV-III which brought recognition to the space programme of India. India’s fourth satellite Rohini II was launched by the launch vehicle SLV-III from Sriharikota on May 31, 1981. It was designed to provide useful data for 300 days. It was weighted 38 kg. It was known as India’s first development rocket flight. Unfortunately, it burnt in space on June 8, 1981, without completing its mission. Bhaskara II, India’s fifth satellite in space, was launched on November 20, 1981 from Soviet cosmodrome Volgograd. It was the earth observation satellite. It was a milestone in the space journey of India as it brought to India the honour of being a space nation. Apple, an experimental geostationary communication satellite, was launched on June 19, 1981. It was launched with French coordination. With this, India entered the domestic satellite communication era. India launched INSAT-1A on April 10, 1982. India joined the select group of techn ically advanced countries. But this mission failed on September 6, 1982. In April 1983, India successfully launched Rohini satellite (RS-D-2). It marked the opening of new horizons for India. India’s ninth satellite INSAT-1B became fully operational in October 1983. It was the world’s first geo-stationary satellite combining services like telecommunication, mass communication and meteorological. It was launched in August 1983 from US Space Shuttle Challenger. India’s space programme is primarily driven by the vision of great scientist Dr. Vikram Sarabhai. He is considered as the Father of  Indian Space Programme. The main objective of India’s space programme has been to promote the development of application of Space Science and technology for socio-economic benefits of the country. The launching of Chandrayan I in 2008 marked a milestone in the history of space technology of India. Chandrayan will orbit around the earth for two years. During the period, it will send data to scientists. The scientists with the help of the data will study various aspects of moon, and will prepare a map of the moon. The map will further help in the study of moon. Then onward India made successive progress in the field of space research. It launched INSAT series satellite which made India’s position stronger in the comity of nation. India has now become self-reliant in terms of launching vehicles and telecommunications. Now India offers telecommunication services to other countries. The launching of satellites like IRS’s, ASLV’s, PSLV’s have placed India in the exclusive club of four nations—USA, Russia, France and Israel. Captain Rakesh Sharma was the first astronaut of India. Now the country enjoys a respectful position in the countries of the world.

Learning Preferences Essay

Describe your strongest dimension on the personality spectrum. My strongest dimension on the personality spectrum was kinesthetic. I think that the results of this test best describes the way that I learn best. Kinesthetic learning style refers to a way of acquiring knowledge in which the learner uses sense of movement to gain information about the world. This learning style is sometimes referred to as kinesthetic-tactile. Kinesthetic learners tend to loose interests in activities that rely purely on listening and viewing. Kinesthetic learners work best in activities that incorporate physical activity. I think that I learn best by using my hands, because when I can do hands on activities I pick up very well. When I can learn things by doing them I also tend to retain the skill easier. Describe how each practice activity reinforced or contradicted something about yourself. The results of practice one really reinforced my learning preference. The results were visual 30 auditory 28 kinesthetic 34 and tactile 28. The results indicate that I learn best using the kinesthetic learning preference. This practice also indicated that I learn well using the visual learning preference. In practice three I learned I prefer to use the more abstract approach and make connections to what is being taught using hypothetical situations rather than real world situations. Also I would prefer to have a more random style of teaching than the linear style. The linear style of teaching most likely too much of one set learning preferences and is not a variety of different styles mixed together.

Corporations practicing stakeholders management will be more sustainable

Corporations practicing stakeholders management will be more sustainable Introduction The following is an argumentative essay on stakeholders’ management and whether the corporations that practice stakeholders’ management are more sustainable compared to the organisations that do not practice this type of management.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Corporations practicing stakeholders’ management will be more sustainable specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The discussion is about the theoretical perspectives underlying stakeholders’ management in the corporation. It also looks into how an organisation balances the stakeholders’ interest with the shareholders’ interests, as they are two different entities with conflicting interests. It examines the role of stakeholders’ management. In addition, it looks into the existing literature studies on management to prove that the stakeholders’ management leads to sustainability of the co rporation. Stakeholders’ management It is imperative to determine who is a stakeholder in an organisation. A stakeholder is any individual with interest in a particular organisation. A stakeholder is an entity whose contribution to the organisation is influential such that the organisation cannot survive without it (Clarkson 1995). The stakeholders can therefore be the owners, the government, the trade unions, the political groupings, customers, suppliers, the communities as well as the public. This is because they play an important role in the survival of the organisation. The stakeholders’ theoretical perspectives show that the organisation is like an organism, which has different body parts and cannot function fully without one of its organ. The stakeholders are similar to the organs in an organisation and are crucial to the sustainability of the organisation (Clarkson 1995). Stakeholders influence on corporation’s sustainability To determine the extent of in fluence that a particular stakeholder has, there is a criterion that is used that involves the following aspects. The first aspect is on how the stakeholder influences the financial performance of the organisation.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For instance, the customers and suppliers are key stakeholders of a corporation as they directly influence the profit that the organisation will make. The second aspect is the stakeholders’ influence on the productivity and operations such as the employees who have direct influence on the productivity of the organisation (Evans Freeman 1988). Other stakeholders who are in the external environment involve the competitors, the government, and the public whose perception on the organisation can affect it positively or negatively. These stakeholders have influence on the corporation’s sustainability for a number of reasons (Morgan 2004). The first reason is that the stakeholders determine whether the organisation will achieve its strategic objectives or not. For instance, an organisation may have a strategy to expand its operations outside the country. This may require additional funds from the stakeholders especially the shareholders. The firm must also look for ways of increasing the number of customers in order to have more sales, hence increased revenues to expand to other countries. If the shareholders do not contribute to such an endeavour, it would be very hard for the organisation to achieve its strategic objectives (Morgan 2004). Other than achieving the strategic objectives, the stakeholders are imperative for the sustainability of the organisation. In instances where one of the stakeholders has been negligent, it has led to the collapse of the organisation. An example is the case of Enron one the major companies that collapsed due to fraud and earnings’ managemen t. It was because shareholders were negligent thereby failing to scrutinise carefully the organisation’s actual financial accounts and performance. The government as a stakeholder was also negligent in auditing the company’s books of accounts. This led to collapse of the company leading to losses worth billions of dollars for the organisation (Freeman 1984).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Corporations practicing stakeholders’ management will be more sustainable specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The stakeholders are also important in the sustainability of the corporation due to their ability to influence the internal environment positively or negatively. The employees for instance are significant for the sustainability of the corporation. Any company cannot ignore its employees if it has to grow. This is because the employees determine the productivity of the organisation. When they are highly motivated the company experiences low rates of absenteeism and employee turnover, which leads increased productivity and huge profits. The motivated employees are productive and stay in the organisation in the long term. They are therefore imperative to the future sustainability of the organisation (Evans 1994). The other important stakeholders who contribute to the sustainability of the organisation are the suppliers as they determine the profit margin of the company. They also determine whether the company will have an edge over the competitors or not. The relationship between the suppliers and the organisation is imperative because when it is sustainable the suppliers can supply goods on credit so that payment can be made at a specified future date. While receiving goods on credit the organisation channels the money to expansion programs or product development, which gives the organisation an edge over the competitors (Morgan, 2004). Sustainability is also determined by ho w well the organisation relates with the customers. A good relationship with the clients determines the sustainability of the organisation. Providing sustainable services is imperative to the development of the organisation as it creates loyalty (Han 2004).Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More One of such organisations that has capitalised on customer service and experience is Tesco retail stores in the UK. These retail chain stores have benefited from good customer service as well as through the customer loyalty programs, which reward loyal customers with additional benefits. This makes the stores to be the most profitable retail stores in the United Kingdom and Europe. Apart from the customers, the other stakeholders who contribute to the sustainability of the organisation are the public. The perception, which the public has towards an organisation, is a key determinant to its sustainability. In the 1980’s Pepsi had to close its operations in the United States of America after there were reports that some of their soft drinks qualities were compromised because they had needles inside. The information created negative publicity for the company and its sales decreased to the extent that the company had to close its operations in the United States. Managing the medi a and the publicity activities that intend to brand the company in positive light is important to the sustainability of the organisation (Freeman 1984). The stakeholders are also important to the sustainability of the organisation as some of them contribute to the formulation of policies and regulations that may affect the organisation positively or negatively. Such stakeholders who have influence on the organisation are usually pressure groups and political groupings, which have influence in the formulation of policies on a particular issue (Jensen 1976). For instance, tobacco industries must contend with pressure groups that influence the government to implement policies that are against smoking in particular places. Such pressure groups may even advocate for the tobacco banning. The cigarette manufacturing industries must therefore win the political groupings that support the cigarette industry in order for those organisations to be sustainable (Morgan 2004). However, without the political support and goodwill the activities of the industry may not be sustainable. The environmental pressure groups may block the establishment or construction of a building or business that they feel its activities would not be in the best interest of the environment. The political stakeholders can also influence other aspects such as licensing and taxation. In many instances, corporations lobby political and pressure groups to advocate for reduction of taxes or subsidisation of a particular commodity (Evans 1994). Stakeholders’ management contributes to the sustainability of the organisation in that it provides crucial information to the management on how to act on a particular issue. It acts as a mechanism of corporation’s information intelligence. It involves having the concerns of each stakeholder and a mechanism on how to respond to their concerns. For instance, the employees may be concerned with the salary increment. However, if the organisation is not sen sitive or does not have stakeholders’ management mechanism, it may lack information on what the stakeholders want. The management may be dealing with unrests, low employee morale and high employee turnover (Puffery 1981). However, with appropriate stakeholders’ management mechanism it is possible to prevent losses that may emanate from industrial action. Information is vital to the development of relationship with the various stakeholders. It means that the organisation’s leadership will have information on what to do pertaining to each situation. Organisations that pay attention to stakeholders’ management are likely to experience high levels of sustainability compared to organisation that do not have a good relational approach to other stakeholders (Donaldson Preston 1995). Although stakeholders’ management is imperative in the sustainability of the organisation, there are stakeholders’ conflicts that may be detrimental to the organisatio n. For instance, in an organisation the shareholders may demand high return on their investments. This may make the management to increase the profit margins by increasing the prices of the products and services. This may be detrimental to the sustainability of the organisation as the customers may react negatively by boycotting the products or using competitor’s products resulting into reduced profits and minimising the future sustainability of the corporation (Ford 1980). Therefore, stakeholders’ management may not always lead to the sustainability of the organisation. Its aim should be to realise the concerns and interests of the stakeholders and balance them (Dwyer 2007). Developing stakeholders’ relationships is not always easy and may involve development of communication mechanisms that will incorporate all the stakeholders. It is also important to inform the stakeholders on what is happening in the organisation as this creates sense of ownership among the stakeholders and makes them to act in the best interest of the company. Establishing departments in an organisation to deal with issues of stakeholders is also imperative in establishing a good rapport. The stakeholders’ management is key and imperative in the development of the company’s long-term sustainability (Porter 1980). Conclusion The aim of stakeholders’ management is to create cohesion among different stakeholders who play important role in the sustainability of the organisation. This is critical to the development of organisational objectives. It enables the corporation to balance different concerns and interest, which if ignored could affect the company negatively. Therefore, it is justifiable to conclude that stakeholders’ management is important to the sustainability of corporations. References Clarkson, M 1995, ‘A stakeholder framework for analyzing and evaluating corporate social performance’, Academy of Management Review, vo l. 2, pp.65-91. Donaldson, T Preston, L 1995, ‘The stakeholder theory of the modern corporation: concepts, evidence and implications’, Academy of Management Review, vol.2, pp.5-10. Dwyer, R 2007, ‘Developing buyer-seller relationships’, Journal of Marketing, vol. 5, p.11-27. Evans, J 1994, ‘The relationship marketing process: a conceptualization and application’, Industrial Marketing Management, vol. 3, pp.438-452. Evans, W Freeman, R 1988, A stakeholder theory of the modern corporation: Kantian capitalism, Prentice Hall, New Jersey. Ford, D 1980, ‘The development of buyer-seller relationships in industrial markets’, European Journal of Marketing, vol. 4, pp.339-353. Freeman, R 1984, Strategic management: a stakeholder approach, Basic Books, New York. Han, S 2004, ‘Buyer-supplier relationships today’, Industrial Marketing Management, vol. 2, pp.331-338. Jensen, M 1976, ‘Theory of the firm: managerial behaviour, agency costs, and ownership structure’, Journal of Financial Economics, vol. 3, pp.305-360. Morgan, R 2004, ‘The commitment trust theory of relationship marketing’, Journal of Marketing, vol. 8, pp.20-38. Porter, M 1980, Competitive strategy, Free Press, New York. Puffery, J 1981, Power in organizations, Pitman Publishing, Massachusetts. Appendix Stakeholder’s relationship chart

Visit an Observatory, See the Stars, Planets, and Galaxies

Visit an Observatory, See the Stars, Planets, and Galaxies Observatories are places where astronomers do their work. Modern facilities are filled with telescopes and instruments that capture the light from distant objects. These places are scattered around the planet, and people have been building them for thousands of years. Some observatories are not even on Earth, but instead orbit or planet or the Sun in a quest for more information about the sky. However, not every such observatory has a telescope. Older ones from prehistory are simply markers that help observers capture a view of a sky objects as it rises or sets. Early Sky-gazing Places Before the advent of telescopes, astronomers did their observing naked eye from wherever they could find a dark-sky site. In most cases, mountaintops did just fine, lifting them up above the surrounding landscapes and cities. Observatories date back to ancient times when people used rocks or sticks placed  in the ground to align with the rising and setting points of the Sun and important stars. Good examples of these early ones are the Big Horn Medicine Wheel in Wyoming, the Cahokia Mounds in Illinois, and Stonehenge  in England. Later on, people built temples to the Sun, Venus, and other objects. We can see the remains of many of these buildings in Chichen Itza in Mexico, the Pyramids in Egypt, and the remains of building on Machu Picchu in Peru. Each of these sites preserved a view of the heavens as a calendar. Essentially, they let their builders use the sky to determine the change of seasons and other important dates. Stonehenge in the UK was built as a way to observe alignments of sun and moon rises and sets. Orion Lawlor, Wikimedia Commons After the telescope was invented in the early 1600s, it wasnt long before people were building large ones and mounting them in buildings to protect them from the elements and support their enormous weights. Over the centuries, scientists learned to make better telescopes, outfit them with cameras and other instruments, and the serious study of the stars and planets and galaxies moved forward. Each leap in technology reaped an immediate reward: a better view of objects in the sky for astronomers to study. Galileo offering his telescope to three young women seated on a throne. Painting by unknown artist. Library of Congress. Modern Observatories Fast-forward to todays professional research facilities and we find advanced technology, Internet connectivities, and other equipment pushing huge amounts of data out to astronomers. Observatories exist for nearly every wavelength of light in the electromagnetic spectrum: from gamma rays to microwaves and beyond. Visible-light and infrared-sensitive observatories exist on high peaks throughout the world. Radio telescope dishes dot the landscapes, seeking out emissions from active galaxies, exploding stars, and more. Gamma-ray, x-ray, and ultraviolet observatories, as well as a few infrared-sensitive ones, orbit in space, where they can gather their data free of Earths heat and atmosphere as well as humanitys tendency to spread radio signals out in all directions. A setting full moon provides a backdrop for the Very Large Telescope complex in Paranal, Chile. This is one of several high-altitude observatories in South America alone. ESO   There are a great many famous observing facilities out there, including the Hubble Space Telescope, the infrared-sensitive  Spitzer Space Telescope, the planet-finding  Kepler Telescope, a gamma-ray explorer or two, the Chandra X-ray Observatory, and a number of solar observatories all in space. If we count the probes to the planets, plus a telescope and some instruments on the International Space Station, space is bristling with our eyes and ears on the cosmos. A sample of telescopes (operating as of February 2013) at wavelengths across the electromagnetic spectrum. Several of these observatories observe more than one band of the EM spectrum. NASA The best known Earth-based observatories include the Gemini and Subaru telescopes on Mauna Kea in Hawaii, which sit on the mountain along with the twin Keck telescopes and a slew of radio and infrared facilities.  The southern hemisphere boasts the observatories of the European Southern Observatory collective, the Atacama Large-Millimeter Array radio telescopes, a collection of visible-light and radio observatories in Australia (including the telescopes at Siding Spring and Narrabri), plus telescopes in South Africa and on Antarctica. In the United States, the best-known observatories are on Kitt Peak in Arizona, the Lick, Palomar, and Mt. Wilson observatories in Southern California, and the Yerkes in Illinois. In Europe, observatories exist in France, Germany, England, and Ireland. Russia and China also have a number of institutions, as well as India and parts of the Middle East. There are too many to list here, but the sheer number testifies to the worldwide interest in astronomy . Want to Visit an Observatory? So, can regular people visit an observatory? Many facilities offer tours and some give peeks through a telescope on public nights. Among the best-known public facilities is Griffith Observatory in Los Angeles, where visitors can look at the Sun during the day and look through a professional scope at night. Kitt Peak National Observatory offers public nights through much of the year, as does the Foothill Observatory in Los Altos Hills, California, Palomar Observatory (during the summer months), the University of Colorados Sommers-Bausch facility, a select number of the telescopes on Mauna Kea in Hawaii, and many others. There is a complete list here.   Griffith Observatory in Los Angeles, CA, is open to the public and provides stargazing opportunities, exhibits, and a planetarium for visitors to learn about the universe. Matthew Field,  via Creative Commons Attribution-Share-alike 3.0 license. Not only can visitors get a chance to see some fascinating objects through a telescope at these places, they get a full behind-the-scenes look at how a modern observatory works. Its well worth the time and effort, and makes a wonderful family activity!

Glastonbury music festival tickets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Glastonbury music festival tickets - Essay Example Comparing this to the model characterized as efficient equilibrium, where utility functions increase continuously, efficiency appears not to have been a part of the outcome for this particular event. This paper aims to analyse and compare the varied macroeconomics pricing mechanisms as well as the applicable strategies on ticket allocation, all in a bid to determine the best mechanism that would assist work toward a Pareto efficiency balance for this record-breaking event. The general price theory associates the price of a commodity to vary directly with the value of the commodity (Besanko Braeutigam 2013). The theory further draws an analogy between the value of a commodity and its scarcity or ease of its availability. In a market situation, sellers aim at an optimal price for their commodities while buyers to the contrary opt for minimal price set on commodities. In an average or normal situation, it is the intersection between the two varied prices that ensures that markets are cleared without any excess or surplus on either side. A market clearing condition is thus achieved whenever the supply of commodities equals or meets the total quantity of goods or commodities demanded. For the ticket prices set for the Glastonbury music festival, the price was not at a market clearing level since the demand for tickets by willing buyers overwhelmed the amount of tickets available for sale. Under pure exchange price theory, a trader should be able to balance his endowment in the market with his possessed commodities. With such a balanced allocation of endowments and possessed commodities, Pareto efficiency as outlined in Besanko Braeutigam (2013), may be said to have been achieved which was not the case for the music event. The different strategies or economic paths available and apparently of best application to the sale of Glastonbury music festival tickets, and preferably retain or enhance efficient equilibrium have varied merits